Two Kinds by Amy Tan Essay -- Two Kinds, Amy Tan

In Two Kinds, Amy Tan explores a theme of independence. Jing-me is an impressionable nine year old girl living in an flatbed with her parents. She struggles with the high expectations of her mother, to become a prodigy. The conflict results in a rebellious independence. Tan develops Jing-mes character as willful, defiant, and insecure.To begin, Tan demonstrates that Jing-mes willfulness stands in the way of her success. For example, after failing many of her mothers prodigy tests, she begins to hate them. One night after another failed test, she adopted new thoughts, willful thoughts, or quite an thoughts filled with lots of wonts (Tan 596). Jing-me decides that she is not going to let her mother change who she is, so she stops trying to be a prodigy. She demonstrates her willfulness when she performed listlessly, and pretend to be bored, when presented with further tests (596). Jing-mes headstrong attitude continues to stand in the way and keeps her from successfully learning to play the piano. She was determined not to try, not to be anybody different that ...

The Conflict of Paideias in Gadamers Thought :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

The Conflict of Paideias in Gadamers Thought (1)ABSTRACT Although Gadamers study of Grecian paideia has been virtu each(prenominal)y ignored in the scholarly literature, I argue that it is central to his doctrine of pedagogy. Gadamer singles out three kinds of paideia traditional, sophistic and philosophic. Traditional paideia, grounded in an insensible habit or disposition of the soul, was vulnerable when sophistic paideia brought reasoned argument against it. This new paideia primarily supported traditional notions of the just and the good with its conscious art of air and pragmatic enhancement of success. But this paideia also undermined conventional morality by present that it is only convention, thereby corrupting the youth of Athens by likable to the untrammeled desire for power. philosophic paideia takes its bearings from the sophistic as its deepest opponent and counterimage. It turns out, however, that the two argon virtually indistinguishable. Both bring thinking to consciousness both ar rhetorical arts both make out confusion and both are progeny to the weakness of the logoi. In the end, the difference between them rests not on distinctions of reason, but the thoughtion of the reasoner. This conflict of paideias is relevant to the situation of education today. Problems of narrow technical perspective and the broadest ideological manipulation are directly traceable to sophistic paideia. Thus, Gadamer points to hermeneutical praxis as the heart of all education that wants to teach how to philosophize. Hans-Georg Gadamer describes the traditional ideal of Greek education as turning the student toward everything exempt from necessity comprising the beautiful. (2) This paideia consisted above all in developing a harmonious disposition of the soul, a hexis or habit, through and through early training in music and gymnastic. (3) Its guiding purpose was to create citizens fit to govern in freedom.Clearly the importance of paideia as an education al concept can hardly be over-emphasized. Gadamer is an increasingly influential figure in the philosophy of education. He is also one of the eminent classicists of our times. Yet although paideia and its relevance to modern education forms a recurring theme in Gadamers writings, this historical prop of his approach to education has been virtually ignored in the scholarly literature. (4) One whitethorn speculate that the reason for this lacuna is a tendency to approach the loose more analytically than historically. Moreover, the theme appears in so many essays, spanning Gadamers entire career, that it is sticky to follow the trail of his study.The Conflict of Paideias in Gadamers Thought Philosophy Philosophical PapersThe Conflict of Paideias in Gadamers Thought (1)ABSTRACT Although Gadamers study of Greek paideia has been virtually ignored in the scholarly literature, I argue that it is central to his philosophy of education. Gadamer singles out three kinds of paideia tradit ional, sophistic and philosophic. Traditional paideia, grounded in an unaware habit or disposition of the soul, was vulnerable when sophistic paideia brought reasoned argument against it. This new paideia originally supported traditional notions of the just and the good with its conscious art of argumentation and pragmatic enhancement of success. But this paideia also undermined conventional morality by arguing that it is only convention, thereby corrupting the youth of Athens by appealing to the untrammeled desire for power. Philosophical paideia takes its bearings from the sophistic as its deepest opponent and counterimage. It turns out, however, that the two are virtually indistinguishable. Both bring thinking to consciousness both are rhetorical arts both create confusion and both are subject to the weakness of the logoi. In the end, the difference between them rests not on distinctions of reason, but the intent of the reasoner. This conflict of paideias is relevant to the situa tion of education today. Problems of narrow technical perspective and the broadest ideological manipulation are directly traceable to sophistic paideia. Thus, Gadamer points to hermeneutical praxis as the heart of all education that wants to teach how to philosophize. Hans-Georg Gadamer describes the traditional ideal of Greek education as turning the student toward everything exempt from necessity comprising the beautiful. (2) This paideia consisted above all in developing a harmonious disposition of the soul, a hexis or habit, through early training in music and gymnastic. (3) Its guiding purpose was to create citizens fit to govern in freedom.Clearly the importance of paideia as an educational concept can hardly be over-emphasized. Gadamer is an increasingly influential figure in the philosophy of education. He is also one of the eminent classicists of our times. Yet although paideia and its relevance to contemporary education forms a recurring theme in Gadamers writings, this hi storical dimension of his approach to education has been virtually ignored in the scholarly literature. (4) One may speculate that the reason for this lacuna is a tendency to approach the subject more analytically than historically. Moreover, the theme appears in so many essays, spanning Gadamers entire career, that it is difficult to follow the trail of his study.

Of Mice and Men Essay example -- English Literature

Of Mice and MenJohn Steinbecks sweet Of Mice and Men is one of those moderates whichmake you believe e very(prenominal)thing that takes place between the covers. Books desire these always remain as classics, because of their veryinformative and believable stories. John Steinbeck especi eachy excelsin this, and therefore is the reason I have chosen this book todescribe.Of Mice and Men, the title of the novel, originates from the poemTo a Mouse, by Robert Burns. It means that no outlet what you planto do in the future, something will always go wrong. It comes from theline the best laid schemes o Mice and Men, Gang aft agley. Thetitle of the book was originally Something that Happened, as thestory is about what actually happened, not what should or could happen(at least to John Steinbeck). This is always at the back of thereaders mind.During 1919 until 1926 (while Steinbeck was at college), he took up afew manual, and unskilled jobs, one being where he became a farmlabourer on ranche s between King City, and Santa Clara in NorthernCalifornia. These experiences seem to have helped Steinbeck create thesetting for his novel (Of Mice and Men). He uses two main settingsthroughout the story Curleys fathers ranch, and rural California.Most of the story is set in and around the ranch, which allowedSteinbeck to contain all of the important events in one place.Steinbeck has written the novel in third-person, which allows him totell the reader each characters point of view. He describes thesetting around the characters in much(prenominal) a way that when the charactersare doing or saying something, you can literally picture it in yourhead. He has also made all the characters in the novel talk America... ...the ranch. He wants to be able to enter the bunkhouse, or play cardswith the other men.In conclusion, I believe that this book provides a very powerfulimpact to the reader, the main reason being because it shows how reallife actually was in America at that time. It tel ls of how colouredpeople were treated differently, how women were looked upon as secondclass, and also how cruel real life can actually be. If say, theending of the story was altered, where Lennie lived, and everyonelived happily ever after, you would not be able to treasure it asmuch. The reason being, that life doesnt always have a happy ending.Things never turn out the way you want them to. No matter how hard youtry, events occur which can alter your hopes and your dreams. Thisbook shows the message very loud and clear, and certainly provided apowerful impact to myself.

Great Expectations By Charles Dickens :: Great Expectations Charles Dickens Essays

Great Expectations By Charles hellerCharles Dickens makes this extract memorable and significant as it isthe first time Pip, a working class boy from the forge, meets MissHavisham and Estella who are going to have an principal(prenominal) andsignificant affect on his life. Pip is invited to Miss Havishamsresidence Statis house. This is important as he doesnt know why hewas invited and before he goes he is told there may be something inthis for him. The reader knows this might be true due to the title ofthe play Great ExpectationsDickens makes Pips first encounter with Miss Havisham and Estella atStatis House a significant and memorable file in the novel in anumber of ways. The first point that makes it memorable is that it iswritten in first person narrative. Pip says sat the strangest brothel keeper Ihave ever seen, or ever shall see. This image is seen through theeyes of a child so it will be memorable to him as he will never forgetthis lady. This also gives the reader first ha nd experience into whatPip is seeing.An another(prenominal) point why Dickens makes this a significant and memorable founderof the novel is that at the beginning of the extract we do not knowwho the lady is. Dickens uses pronouns to name her, he uses words likeshe and her. This makes it significant as Dickens is building upan appearance of the pillow slip before he tells you her name.Dickens makes a memorable part of the novel when he describes theladys clothes. He says she had a long white veil dependant from herhair and she had bridal flowers in her hair. This gives theimpression of a offspring bride. Dickens uses the adversative clause butso we know something is going to be wrong. Dickens then says her hairwas white. This then changes the readers perception of the characterso this is why it is memorable as it now sticks in the readers head.Another memorable part of the extract is how Dickens gets across thatthis lady is wealthy. Dickens expert doesnt say she is rich hedescrib es her assets that pip can see in the room. He describes thefabrics rich material- satins, and lace, and silks. He alsodescribes her jewellery bright jewels and some other jewels laysparkling on the table. These all tell you how rich she is and theadjectives bright and sparkling makes it memorable to thecharacter and the reader.A way Dickens makes this a memorable and significant part of theextract is when he describes what sees when he enters the room, he

The Power of Blogging :: Blogs Internet Technology Essays

The Power of Blogging Hey guys, Working on my essay for my writing class. I cant cogitate of what to keep. Any ideas? Please comment with some (appropriate) suggestions. Sunday, October 03, 2004 Still dont have any good ideas for that essay. Btw, all your suggestions sucked you guys really let me down...j/k =)... Anyway, I think I might write about diaries. But it seems to boring. Whatever, I will try it out and see how it goes. Monday, October 04, 2004 Essay on dairies is not going very well. Tuesday, October 05, 2004 I give up on diaries. They are too boring. I need a new topic. What can I possible write about? I cannot find anything worth saying, or can I? I have an idea... Thursday, October 07, 2004 How about this... The Blog Undoubtedly, you have noticed the urge to blog that has swept across the web and been ingrained into the online culture. Chances are that you or one of your friends owns a LiveJournal or a Xanga . Can you remember how many friends you are connected to on the Facebook ? Nowadays, our rescript is more and more concerned about privacy yet, strangely enough, many wad opt to share their personal thoughts in a blog quite an than keeping them private in a diary. Many young people (since they have all this time and nothing to do with it) keep personal blogs and write about their day-to-day experiences, complaints, and (maybe) furtive thoughts. Sometimes, there are poems, prose, songs, and more. But, what makes blogging truly revolutionary is the idea of allowing readers to contribute and to comment. A Fad? At first glance, blogging seems like the latest fad it is the cool thing to do, because everyone else is doing it. All your blogger friends are having tons of fun, and since you didnt want to be left out, you just had to start one too. But, if blogging were just a fad, people would stop doing it just as quickly as they started (as is the case for the tried-it-once-and-that-was-it type of fad). Eventu ally, everyone would stop updating, and blogs would become extinct. Instead, there is an ever-growing, devoted following of hardcore updating-daily bloggers.

The Power of Blogging :: Blogs Internet Technology Essays

The Power of Blogging Hey guys, Working on my essay for my writing class. I cant think of what to write. Any ideas? Please chin wag with some (appropriate) suggestions. Sunday, October 03, 2004 Still dont have any good ideas for that essay. Btw, all your suggestions sucked you guys really let me down...j/k =)... Anyway, I think I might write somewhat diaries. But it seems to boring. Whatever, I will try it out and see how it goes. Monday, October 04, 2004 Essay on dairies is not going very well. Tuesday, October 05, 2004 I give up on diaries. They be too boring. I need a new topic. What can I possible write about? I cannot find any occasion worth saying, or can I? I have an idea... Thursday, October 07, 2004 How about this... The Blog Undoubtedly, you have noticed the urge to blog that has swept across the web and been ingrained into the online culture. Chances are that you or one of your friends owns a LiveJournal or a Xanga . Can you remember how many fr iends you are connected to on the Facebook ? Nowadays, our society is more and more bear on about privacy yet, strangely enough, many people opt to share their personal thoughts in a blog rather than keeping them private in a diary. Many young people (since they have all this time and nothing to do with it) keep personal blogs and write about their day-to-day experiences, complaints, and (maybe) sneaky thoughts. Sometimes, there are poems, prose, songs, and more. But, what makes blogging truly revolutionary is the idea of allowing readers to contribute and to comment. A Fad? At first glance, blogging seems like the latest fad it is the cool thing to do, because everyone else is doing it. All your blogger friends are having tons of fun, and since you didnt want to be left out, you just had to start one too. But, if blogging were just a fad, people would stop doing it just as quickly as they started (as is the case for the tried-it-once-and-that-was-it type of fad). Eventu ally, everyone would stop updating, and blogs would become extinct. Instead, there is an ever-growing, devoted following of hardcore updating-daily bloggers.

Practicum Paper

After gain such Insight Into back grounds I believe that It Is detrimental for every man that was to govern or shepherd a flock to be well equipped in the area of scriptural back grounds. Although It Is not a sufficient, It Is very necessary to gain the understanding that comes from the text. Background is also another crucial hermeneutical tool. That shadow give us fitting insight to the true understanding ot what the source was trying to say to the readers of that daytime. And if the readers in this modern day can get the real message that the original author was trying to convey to the modern day audience.I believe that pastors and teachers should get the highest level of back ground although history is not the only way to interpret the passages of In scripture but the background trom non-canonlcal and socio-cultural standpoints can give the readers a advance way to look at how and why the scriptures were constructed and format of the passages These studies of backgrounds Jus t show us why these passages were spoken to the speclflc passages and then allow the teachers to correctly apply it to their flock.But first pastors/ teacher need to have the most hollstlc meaning before they can tilt a message ot scripture beca engagement It Is God holy and divine word and they have to be careful on what they are trying to say because If they do not understand what the author is trying to say to the specific audience then the message cannot be properly deliver to Gods intended audience, and then because imitative teaching and sends the followers of Christ astray because they did not have the proper meaning because there was no broad composition of why this passage was compose and why it was constructed and formatted in that fashion. . There are many ways that the Backgrounds can help and assist teaching and pastoring ministries. This mostly helps with the leaders acquire a better understand f the overall meaning in the passages of the bible. And the only way i s use hermeneutical methods. A hermeneutical tool can be backgrounds and background is not beneficial the historical point but its also talking about the destination at the time and the perception ot the culture to the event and how they reacted to events. These different uses and aspects of background can Just make it easier to grasp the meaning of the author in the passage.If the leaders of the teaching and pastoral mlnlstrles want to give what God was trying to tell HIS peck then they must do the research and focus on the background and help shape the meaning of the book or assage. And then they will play the context ot which the passage was written and why they needed to hear the passage. And then the ministries can contextualize the passage in the proper manner and make it applicable to this day in age This helps because readers normally contemporize the bible and forget that there was an original audience that were not living in the same type of culture we live into today .God knows what He wants to say but It Is our job to tind who He Is saying to, why He is saying it, and how it can be applied toour modern life. And that is why it so Important for the interpretation, that the ministries know why the passage Is written and that they apply It correctly and they do not allegorize the passage and then they w ge tne proper meaning ana tnen tnls study can nelp tnem. 3. Background Is a very important and vital to our u comprehension of the bible.However, since we know that it is necessary, we also need to be aware that it is not sufficient and it will not get us to the meaning by itself. This is a way that this can hurt the background study because they can possibly hold the background to highly ranked in the interpretation process and use this tool as the only tool. But if they do they can get too caught up in the event and culture and then totally ignore the text.This practice shows that the implications and applications of the text are not crucial bec ause the readers are only looking at the distinct even that text mentions. The text most of the time does not even focus on the event, and those who target the backgrounds higher on the totem pole will normally try to find the significance of the background even though text may not even refer to the specific even but because it highlights that event they will dig deeper and forget what the message of the text is trying to onvey to the readers in this day and the time that it was written.But if they use the backgrounds as a secondary tool to help interpret the text then it is a helpful took and then the translation of the meaning will not be lost and then the background study is helpful and no longer hurting their understanding of the passage. 4. The theological ontology of scripture should speak to the application of the readers as a correct model to perform a hermeneutic. Although, backgrounds is not the only way to go about reading and looking for interpretation it can be startin g point.It is very ecessary to help comprehend what the author was saying and why he was saying that, and this is very beneficial to the readers and researchers today. Because this is the correct theoretical way of getting information from the passages of scripture. Although, background focuses on the events and culture, we can still see as readers the spiritual impact that Jesus had in the Old and New Testament on the events, political fgures, and cultures of the day. The theological implications in the backgrounds can help us define what we are looking for to use to better understand the scriptures provided to us.

Writing Improvement Exercises

Save this file to your computer. Your assignment is to revise each of the following exercises to reflect your bid of the concepts described in Chapter 2. Create your revisions directly on your screen, save your response, and localise it to your instructor as a Word attachment in Blackboard mail.To serving you, the solutions to several problems are already provided. Be sure to type your answers at the indented points after each enumeration to avoid the problem of automated numbering.AUDIENCE BENEFITS AND THE YOU VIEWRevise the following sentences to mark the perspective of the audience and theyou view.1. To avoid suffering the kinds of monetary losses we have experienced in the past, our credit union prohibits the cashing of third-party checks presented by our members. Our facility will be pleased to cash all properly executed checks other than third-party checks.2. To help us mathematical process your order with our new database software, we need you to go to this Web site, www. databasefull look atment.com, and fill out the customer information required. Please visit our website www.databasefullment.comto help us process your order.3. We are pleased to announce an arrangement with H-P that allows us to offer discounted computers in the student bookstore.4. Under a new policy, reimbursement of travel expenses will be restricted to those related to work only.5. We are pleased to announce that you have been sanctioned to enroll in our management trainee program.6. I give my permission for you to attend the two-day workshop.CONVERSATIONAL, PROFESSIONAL TONERevise the following to make the tone conversational yet professional.7. Under cut off cover the above-referenced items (printer toner and supplies) are being sent to your Oakdale office, as per your telephone conversation of April 1. As you requested in your phone call of April 1, we are pleased to send you the printer toner and supplies directly to your Oakdale office.8. Kindly inform the undersigned whet her or not your representative will be making a visitation in the near future.9. It is recommended that you think and submit your departmental budget ASAP.10. BTW, weve had some slippage in the schedule but dont have to scrap everything and start from step zero.11. To facilitate substantiation of this agreement, your negotiators urge that the membership respond in the affirmative.POSITIVE AND COURTEOUS EXPRESSIONRevise the following statements to make them more positive.12. Customers are ineligible for the 10 percent discount unless they show their membership cards. Please show your membership card in order to receive your 10 percent discount.13. Titan Insurance Company will not process any claim not accompanied by documented proof from a physician showing that the injuries were treated.14. If you fail to comply with each requirement, you will not receive your $50 rebate.15. We must withhold remuneration until you complete the job satisfactorily.16. We cant process your applicati on because you neglected to insert your telephone number.17. formulation cannot begin until the building plans are approved.18. All employees must return their health care packets by November 1, or they will not be able to convert any options.INCLUSIVE LANGUAGERevise the following sentences to eliminate terms that are considered sexist or that suggest stereotypes.19. Any applicant for the position of fireman must submit a medical report signed by his physician. All applicants for the position of firefighter must submit a medical report signed by their physicians. OR Any applicant for the position of firefighter must submit a medical report signed by his or her physician.20. Every employee is entitled to appear his personnel file.21. All waiters and waitresses are covered under our new benefits package.22. A salesman would have to use all his skills to sell those condos.23. All conference participants and their wives are invited to the banquet.24. How galore(postnominal) man hour s are required to complete the project?PLAIN ENGLISH AND FAMILIAR WORDSRevise the following sentences to use plain English and familiar words.25. Please reckon whether we must perpetuate our current contract despite perplexing profits. Please determine if we must keep our current contract despite uncertain profits.26. He hypothesized that the vehicle was not operational because of a malfunctioning gasket.27. Because we cannot monitor all cash payments, we must terminate the contract.28. The contract stipulates that management must perpetuate the solitude plan.29. Ill interface with Mark to access his people.30. Unilateral nullification of the terms and conditions of the expiring agreement absent bona fide impasse is prohibited.

Thomas Green

A persons success in an organization not only depends on his or her personality and top executive, but to a fault how he or she manages office politics and resolves conflicts. In order to success to the full manage interpersonal relations inside a corporate environment, one also un subjugateably to understand the government agency and influence structures in ones organization. Failure to develop rough-and-ready prune relationships can cause pedigree dissatis featureion, low usage performance, unnecessary conflicts, and potentiall(a)y getting eland from ones job.doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas kB Case is a commodious(p) caseful of how various prune styles and office politics can result in a cargoner crisis. subsequently reviewing the following case study, I oblige concluded that both parties are responsible for the lack of synergy amid the employee, atomic number 19, and upper-management, Davis. The underlying root cause of these proble ms occurring in the office is from the lack of respect the co-workers admit for one another.There are several other possible underlying root causes of these employee-managerial altercations such as Thomas discolours immense amount of assertion in himself, or rough Davis approach on how to take certain situations, however, the lack of respect for one another is the root cause of the wrong challenges to empowerment commonalty has expressed, and the ill-favored atmosphere Davis has piddled. Comp alls Background dynamical Displays was founded in 1990 as a provider of self-service options to banks via Automated Teller Machines (ATMs). In 1994, Dynamic Displays launched a new section at the Travel andHospitality Industry, and developed their premier(prenominal) self-service check-in kiosk forDiscover Airlines. These kiosks not only reduced costs but also improvedcustomer service, shortened passenger wait times, and provided valu equal information to these travelers. But right off due to web check-in facilityis kiosk is confront a danger of lacking behind. IntroductionThis is a case ab protrude Thomas greenness, a 28 course of study guy, who was recruited in Dynamic Displays as an count onexecutive got promoted to cured marketing medical specialist within few months was finding difficulty in adjusting withimmediate hirer Frank Davis. The conflict between the 2 now had reached its limit affecting the enthusiasm of Thomas Green and can resultin termination of Green. This case throws light on role of politics, dynamics of the power and importance ofcommunication within an organization. 1. Define the Problem Describe the type of case and what problem(s) or issue(s) should be the focus for your analysis.Problem In the case of Thomas Green power, office politics, and a career in Crisis, it describes the dilemma of Thomas Green who works in a company called Dynamic Display. Thomas was recruited as an account executive, and then five months later, he was pr omoted as a Senior Market medical specialist directly by the President Shannon McDonald. Thomass stamp Frank Davis hadnt expected to choose Green as the new senior market specialist, and he was genuinely dissatisfied with Greens work style and performance three months after the promotion.After being informed that Frank Davis had emailed McDonald around his guardianships or so Greens performance, Green was getting really unhinged about his situation and not sure how to explain his perspective to McDonald. Im going to analyze the issue for Green and suggest solutions to solve the problem. Thomas Green has a serious problem at Dynamic Displays. After joining the company in March of 2007, Green spent 6 months dazzling his superiors with his salesmanship and ability to create a strong rapport with his clients.He was also able to create a rapport with Shannon McDonald, the division vice president and Mary Jacobs, the subject area sales conductor. Green was able to impress McDonal d to the point that, when a senior market specialist position opened up, she promoted him to the position, while advising him, This new job leave behind require you to count on strategically as well as tacticallyI am hoping you compensate for your lack of experience by seeking out guidance from some of our more than seasoned managers. The promotion of Thomas Green did not go unnoticed, of course.The position had been vacated by Frank Davis, who had been promoted to marketing director and now supervised the position. Davis had hoped to choose his replacement for the position and Green would not abide been his choice. Be that as it may, both Green and Davis appeared ready to work together, with Davis stating, We had some total meetings this week and the clients responded well to your ideas. However, I think we would drive been more good if we had been able to provide the clients with some market entropy. Problem StatementThomas Green, a young account executive, was offered by Shannon McDonald the opportunity of a lifetime to quickly climb up the career ladder at Dynamic Displays, and become a senior market specialist. However, this wasnt kindly embraced by the person who was going to be his boss, Frank Davis, who was the one supposed to choose a person for that position. several(prenominal) conflicts arose between them, mainly due to work style differences and failed expectations, and Green is facing a meeting with McDonald to give his point of view about the whole situation.Now the head is What should Thomas Green do? . He just started to look for a new place to live and was dealing with a long length relationship, is it the best(p) time to quit the job? Root Cause and Analysis Current scenario /Problem The main problem is that Davis and Green both believe that they have the power to perform their job better than the other. Lack of proactive action taken by McDonald as she never the mail regarding Greensperformance seriously. Davis want of mainta ining the powerdistance was also one of the problems. Highly individualistic nature of both Green and Davis. 2. incline any outside concepts that can be applied Write down any principles, frameworks or theories that can be applied to this case. One of the reasons one energy think that all these conflict happened is because Davis was the one supposed to choose the person for the job Green was assigned to, and he wasnt definitely going to pick him. He could be also somewhat resentful towards Green since he had worked all the way throughout his life to have a successful career and Green just won the career lottery. Hence, even if Green met with all his expectations and went higher up and beyond, he would have never been satisfied.A second theory was that Davis had a really hard time dealing with Greens attempt to challenge his forecasts in front of an audience, since he didnt have the experience or knowledge to question them and decided to make is life miserable from then on. A 3rd hypothesis, and the most plausible one, is that Green just didnt cope with Daviss requirements and was not the professional he was supposed to be. A difference in work styles was certainly one of the main causes for this clash. While Green adopted a more face to face, informal and intuitive approach, Davis was much more unionised and structured, and adopted an authoritative stance. . List relevant qualitative data evidence cerebrated to or based on the quality or character of something. 4. List relevant quantitative data evidence related to or based on the amount or number of something. 5. Describe the results of your analysis What evidence have you accumulated that supports one interpretation over another. Respect is defined in Websters Dictionary as esteem for or a sense of the worth or excellence of a person, a personal quality or ability, or something considered as the manifestation of a personal quality or ability. The underlying root cause of the lack of synergy in Dynamic Displays work place is the lack of respect the employee has for his superior and vice versa. Thomas Green doesnt respect Frank Davis leadership strategies and the amount of experience Davis has, while Davis doesnt respect Thomas Greens potential and his ability to correctly do his job in effect(p)ly and efficiently. Frank Davis had his mind set on whom he wanted as the new senior market specialist and Thomas Green was not who he originally had in mind.This is displayed when Shannon McDonald informed Thomas Green about his new boss, Tom, you are walking into a inept situation with Frank Davis. Frank had expected to choose the new senior market specialist and it would not have been you. Youll have to deal with any radioactive dust that might result from that (p. 3). Frank Davis had very high expectations in a little amount of time for Green to show the best of his abilities. 6. Describe selection actions List and prioritize possible recommendations or actions that come out of you r analysis.Possible Solutions / Recommendation McDonald can remove Green from the current position of Senior Market Specialist and put him at the new position where his Salesskills can best utilized in interest of organization. McDonald can act as an intermediary between Davis and Green. She can separately talk toboth and try to convey the point of views of Green and Davis to each other in order to create win-win situation and line up their individual goals with the organization goals. She can encourage Green toask Davis for managerial advice and try to convince Davis to help him.Green can be given adequate reading so that he can understand the necessary managerial skills that are needed for the position he is in and he should also be better about employing correct office politics. Davis should give the axely lay down the organizational goals and rules and should use his position of power to influence Green toabide by them. Green shouldnt change the job (as well much loan) and t ry to change his style of working and try to develop skills which he lacked(pointed out by Davis and others) which not only helped him in his issue within the organization butalso go out add to organization success 7.Describe your preferred action plan Write a clear statement of what you would recommend including short, medium and long-term steps to be carried out. Learnings from the case This case portrays office politics and if not treated properly can create problems in an organization. This case gives insight how powerdistance in an organization can cause problems. This case illustrates the importance of proper communication between the different members of organization. This case is also proves that point that if proactive action is not taken by leaderthen it can result in bigger issues a.What is Thomas Greena situation? The case describes the dilemma of a marketing manager, Thomas Green, who, after being rapidly promoted, is harshly criticized by his boss, Frank Davis. Green and Davis disagree on work styles and market projections. Green believes the sales goals set by Davis are based on creative accounting and grossly exaggerate the current market environment. A mood of silent conflict develops quickly between the two men, and Green is concerned that Davis is building a case to fire him.Greens situation is one in which his failure to adapt his work style and fully understand the demands and boundaries of his new position may lead to his discharge. A factor in in the background is Greens relationship with his bosss boss. stand thoughts and style Thomas Green is a young and dynamic graduate from University of Georgia in Bachelorsdegreein Economics and has a six course of study work experience as account executive. He is relatively still not that experienced and he is very power hungry, whichprobably caused him to use Shannon to still his goals rather than looking after the interest of the organization.Inability to blend in the organization and not comprehend to his immediate boss Green was reluctant to listen to his boss, Davis and hence was uneffective to mould himself to the needs ofthe organization. As a result, the boss got vexed with his lack of documented numbers and modify his scheduler properly. Inconspicuouspromotionof Green Greens (having little age than others plus only few months of job with the organization) promotion was not clear. Although Shannon took a chance in promoting Green, Davis might have asked for an experienced person to take theposition.Just because Green and Shannon were in the equivalent college alumni and from the same state (Georgia), and thefact that he cajoled her into promoting him. Lack of showing interest on feedback of a guy whom she hired Though we see that Shannonpromoted Green, she was not concerned enough to carefully read through the performance review given by Davis and taking some proactive action. It can be sham that if she would have taken enough interest in giving Green some substantial suggestions, about how to improve his work, things might have been different.Personal relationship is a source of conflict The personal relationship between Shannon and Green is also cause of concern as it already caused Shannon to err in her judgment. There is very little visibility of Greens work in the organization which also accounts for his lack of also known as in the organization and his low-influence. b. What are the different work styles, personalities and expectations of Davis and Green? What are the work styles and personalities of Thomas Green and Frank Davis? Thomas Green and Frank Davis have completely different work styles, and their personalities are also very contrasting.Thomas Green is an ambitious, bright and aggressive young man without any managerial experience. Green was unable to look at issues based on a structural and long-term view. Most of all he is interest in the end result of the performance, not in the detailed plan or a structure of th e job. Although he is an excellent seller with strong hard skills, he has a poor strategic and tactical lore, ignoring office politics. Green is clearly annoyed by office politics and rather than taking the time to learn about the culture of the self-coloured he chooses to ignore the cultural norms and values that existed.Thomas is too self-confident to ask for guidance from more matured colleagues that results in a complete failure of an effective work and establishing of friendly relations with his boss, Frank Davis. Frank Davis on a contrary is an excellent strategic player. Davis would rather to make memos and presentations for a meeting, while Green prefers to deliver his ideas directly to clients and talk face to face. Frank pays much attention to the office politics, strong efforts and enthusiasm of the employee.As he had just been promoted from the position of a senior market specialist he for sure was competent and experienced in the way the things should be done. He got u sed to a precise planning of an all(prenominal) detail, schedule and documentation. That depicts him as a highly organized person with perfect managerial skills. Thomas Green and Frank Davis use different working styles, and their personalities are also very different. When dealing with clients, Frank uses memos, proposals and also uses data to back up his proposals and give the client a better idea on what they are investing in.Thomas is more of a face to face to guy. He delivers is ideas to the clients and expect them to jump on board just by trusting his ideas. In the member Thomas is sketched to be very intelligent and talented and that causes him to be arrogant and overly confident. Frank Davis on the other hand was very concerned about the future of the company. He is portrayed as a visionary that believes in facts to achieve his goals. Even though they were so different in working styles and personality, both Frank and Thomas were trying to achieve the same goal but their m ethods were very different.How do the actions of TG differ from the expectations of F. D.? Generally TG work style does not order with FD strategy and procedures. For example TG doesnt keep Davis updated about his sales appointments. He doesnt even listen to FD when he receives orders or other vital information. TG has an inappropriate work style for his new role. FD has optimistic Thomas Green s evaluation of his job as senior market specialist did not summation the expectations of his boss. According to Frank as a senior market specialist, Thomas should think outside the box and develop strategies to capture aggressive growth target.After the first 2 month in the position, Thomas didnt get a good review from is boss due to his actions. The first thing that affected Thomas performance was the fact that Frank could not locate him because he wasnt keeping is Outlook Calendar updated. Frank wants to be informed on the bestride of his specialist with the tasks that he assigned, and not being able to get in touch with Thomas wasnt a good look. The second thing was the fact that he wasnt keeping up with the specific tasks that were assigned to him by Frank. Frank DavisHis long career makes him feel better than Thomas Green In the initial meeting (Greens first meeting), Green challenges his position on the growth rate forecasts for following yearcalling them unrealistic and unattainable. Davis feels that Green is too uninitiated tojustify to him how he got to the 10% growth projection. Positional power also has influence in his actions Frank Davis thinks that Green is not capable enough to handle the responsibilities nor is he experienced. Therefore he sends along negatively biased report against Green to Shannon in an effort to remove him and get some one more able.About Frank Davis * Frank Davis is a 17-year veteran of Dynamic Displays. * He joined the company in 1990 as an account executive with the Financial Services Solutions Division. * He also held the po sition such as market specialist and senior market specialist with the Travel and Hospitality Division. * He is currently the marketing director of the Travel and Hospitality division. * Thomas Greens immediate boss is Frank Davis, the marketing director. Davis had recently been promoted from position that Green assumed. Thomas GreenRadical thoughts and style Thomas Green is a young and dynamic graduate from University of Georgia in Bachelorsdegreein Economics and has a six year work experience as account executive. He is relatively still not that experienced and he is very power hungry, whichprobably caused him to use Shannon to supercharge his goals rather than looking after the interest of the organization. Inability to blend in the organization and not listen to his immediate boss Green was reluctant to listen to his boss, Davis and hence was unable to mould himself to the needs ofthe organization.As a result, the boss got vexed with his lack of documented numbers and updating his scheduler properly. Thomas green Case content- 1) Thomas Green was a high performing individual and could have been a very good leader, if he would have exhibited all the qualities of a true(p) leader. Here is an analysis of Thomass leadership style based on Ancona leadership model. a. Inventing- Thomas was very good on this quality of leadership. in short after his promotion, when he met Davis, his boss, he was able to come with many new ideas and client responded very positively to these ideas. . Another example of Thomas being originative-one of the market specialists who accompanied Thomas to several meeting during the special software project said that Thomas is very creative and can quickly think of new ideas on his feet. b. Visioning- One of the very important example of Thomas being a visionary was that he know what he wants in his career. He was able to see the position where he wants to be in his organization. And using his inventing capability he was able to make a way to that promotion i.Another example of Thomass visioning skill- In-spite of positive indicators of the market stats (as per Davis) Thomas was able to see that market is actually not going in that direction. Thomas was more close to the consumers. After he stepped into this new role he met many clients, their account executives and market specialist. Based on his meetings he was able to predict that 10% growth, which Davis forecasted was not achievable. c. Sense making- Thomas was good in this skill also. His ideas make sense to clients (clients responded well to his ideas).Also he was able to convince McDonald that he is a better fit for the new senior marketing specialist position. While in meeting he was able to invent new ideas for his clients which totally got the clients interested in his ideas. d. Relating This was something Thomas fell behind on. McDonald informed him that he is walking into a tricky situation still he was not able to relate this warning to Daviss behav ior. During Budgeting and forecasting meeting he openly challenged Davis forecasted growth of 10 %.He was not able to relate that Davis was doing this forecasting for past several geezerhood and Thomas is the young new guy, challenging Davis Openly exit make Davis very upset. In addition he was not able to relate to McDonald either. After the promotion he did not follow up with McDonald to keep him posted of the dynamics going on between him and Davis. Further he was not able to relate to his clients. He was able to walk them through the benefits they will get based on his idea, however, he was not able to provide data living his ideas.Green was a high potential worker, if he has been more successful in relating to the people around him then he could have been very strong and authoritative leader. c. What is your analysis of Greens actions and job performance to date? What is your analysis of Thomas Greens actions and job performance in his first five months? What mistakes has h e made? Thomas Green doesnt have much to show for after his first five months on the job. I feel Mr. Green was the most effective during the first few weeks after his promotion. He was able to accomplish a lot before the Budget Plan Meeting on October 8, 2008.One of Mr. Greens biggest mistakes was publicly disagreeing with Mr. Davis sales growth projections. Mr. Greens performance decreased drastically after this meeting. Mr. Green, in my opinion, spent the next several months complaining about the inflated sales goal, and trying to get others in Dynamic Displays to see his point of view. During Mr. Greens second month performance evaluation, Mr. Green and Mr. Davis verbalise about several things he had been doing wrong. Some of these problems were not keeping an updated schedule, not following up when information is requested, and a lack of enthusiasm.Because Mr. Green felt equal he was being micromanaged he was very reluctant to do what Mr. Davis had suggested. Mr. Green did not heed his bosss advice about using hard data and presentations. Mr. Green later received feedback from several of his sales associates that this hard data was going to be essential in closing the sales with many of the prospective clients. What actions, if any, would you recommend for Thomas Green to take? (Be sure to explain WHY these are the actions he should take. ) Mr. Greens first plan of action should be to complete the self-evaluation of his performance that Ms.McDonald, Mr. Davis boss, asked him to complete. Mr. Green should use the points Mr. Davis suggested when completing the self-evaluation, because this is how upper management will be viewing him as well. Furthermore, I feel Mr. Green needs to listen to Mr. Davis more. Mr. Davis was in the same position he was just a few months Analysis Although Green is willing to achieve a high sell growth for the company, he concentrated too much on achieving the goal instead of observing the surrounding situation.Moreover, Green di d not have enough managerial experiences so he was not able to deal with issues based on a structural and long-term view thats why he decided to avoid interactions with Davis instead of making improvements or rebuilding his relationship with Davis after Davis first criticized him. Their divergence in work style and personalities also contributed to the problem. For example, Davis prefers using memos or presentations when a meeting is set up, while Green would rather talk to his client directly or talk about things face to face.In addition, lack of communication further deteriorated the situation between Davis and Green. Despite Greens relationship with Davis as a subordinate, they were less connected with each other for their job progress and they didnt communicate well. Lastly, the most important thing we need is trust when working in a company or collaborating with other people. The environment in Dynamic Displays lacked trust. On the one hand, Davis required his subordinates to k eep him informed of their progress and schedules.On the other hand, Green didnt trust Daviss evaluation and he suspected Davis had an figure to get rid of him. Analysis One of the problems that has aroused was the inconspicuous promotion of Thomas Green. Shannon McDonald promoted Green due to the fact that they graduated from the same college and were both from the same state. They shared a similar background which gave more incentive to promote Green, although he lacked experience in the organization. Personal relationship between the two was a source of conflict, which altered Shannons judgment.Shannon also lacked interest of the Daviss performance reviews. To avoid conflict, she should have provided Green with suggestions on how to improve his work ethic. As describe in the case, Thomas Green is a young graduate from the University of Georgia, with a Bachelors degree in Economics and a six year work experience as an account executive. Although Green has little experience, he agg ressively seeks to advance his position in the organization, using Shannon to further his goals. Instead of engage the goals of the organization, he only looks out after his own personal gains.Another problem of Greens was his inability to connect with the organization and refusal to follow Daviss instructions. collect to Greens reluctant behavior, Davis was faced with a lack of documented numbers and failure to update his schedule accordingly. Therefore, he was unable to reach the goals of the organization. Frank Daviss problem is that he feels that he is much more experienced than Green due to his long career. Green challenges Daviss position on the growth rate forecasts for the following year, calling them unrealistic and unattainable. Davis feels that Green is too inexperienced for his justification.Some solutions that could have avoided the problem is that Shannon could have put Green in the new position, allowing him to fully utilize his sales skills in interest of the organ ization. Also, she could have individually spoken to Davis and Green creating a win-win situation for them and aligning their individual goals with the organizations goals. Green should have received training so that he could understand the managerial skills needed for his position. d. What are the possible underlying agendas for Davis and McDonalds? Power, Office Politics, and passage in CrisisIn this essay I will attempt to answer why the actions of Thomas Green were so different than what his boss Frank Davis expected of him. I will also address the individual agendas of the two bosses and how each person wants to be treated. In identifying the power bases that were used by each person, I will go to French and Ravens personal bases of power to see how each could have used them more effectively, while also identifying if any of those powers were abused. An old Yugoslavian byword states, If you wish to know what a man is, place him in authority Actions Differ from ExpectationsFr om the information given Thomas Greens promotion given by Shannon McDonald was one that put him in a very difficult situation from the beginning. His new boss, Frank Davis, was promoted out of the very position that Green just assumed and Davis had not wanted to promote Green to this position in the first place. Then Thomas spent most all of his time during that first week reviewing the old sales reviews, after which during the following week, Frank Davis gave Tom a whirl wind review and tour of all the major airline clients he had contact with for the company.After which Frank told Tom that their meetings had gone good and the clients really liked his ideas. At which point Frank said, I think we would have been more effective if we had been able to provide the clients with some market data. (Sasser Beckham, 2008) Frank even gave Tom some very specific things he needed to do like disbursement a lot of time preparing to meet the clients and have proposals with supporting details t hat can be given to the clients. He also tasked him with developing the Market schema for his assigned area of responsibility.The back ground of Tom was that he is a guy that is able to keep it all in his head and this makes a great salesman, but his new position is one that requires him to have the documentation to back up what he is e. What should Thomas Green do? In the case of Thomas Green, the best possible solution would be to set up a meeting with McDonald. As the company Vice President, it would be best for Green to chatter directly to the head of the department, especially since it was McDonald herself who granted Greens promotion.In this meeting, it would also help for Green to request Frank Davis presence, so that there are no hidden or mixed messages among the two employees. Judging from the threes characters, it is easy to see why their current problem occurred. As vice president, McDonald became too trusting with Greens abilities despite only having minimal experienc e in the position he sought for. As an aspiring corporate leader, Green was all too confident in his ideas and determination to see any mistakes in his actions. Finally, as the marketing director (not to mention, the previous holder of Greens current position) Davis was more ager to doubt Green rather than to trust him. Collectively, each person made it difficult to have teamwork, and a sense of unity as a company. While Green recognizes the different options he has, nothing will benefit him more than choosing to discuss his performance with his superiors. In doing this, not only will he be able to plead his case, but a personal and physical discussion of the problem would avoid the possibility of having his reasons misunderstood, something an impersonal note or email would do. One of the contributing problems to their current situation is that Frank Davis has all but faith in his newly promoted subordinate.In telling Green to keep unagitated of his forecasts being overstated, not only is Davis misusing his power as a superior, but he is also being close-minded. When superiors are reluctant in having their decisions challenged, subordinates are less encouraged to throw out ideas and suggestions. This is a reason why keeping quiet is not the best option for Green. Although it may not be scripted that it is his responsibility to question his boss, just because Davis is Greens superior does not mean his forecasts are always accurate.

Othello: a noble character who loses but ultimately regains our sympathy Essay

Othello is most definitely an imperial char symbolizeer who gets assassinated by his trusting friend Iago. We control his nobility from the beginning, Othello is being accused of all sorts of liaisons, still he doesnt hide and wants to clarify the situation and even lets his wife speak for herself he continues to heighten that he is a right and just character when he is put into the position of breaking the rules to help his friend or to do what is right, which means he had to fire his own friend. From here on Othellos behaviour is utterly despicable. up to now I an abundance of sympathy for him, as we know Iagos final cause however Othello cant help still lose his peace of mind and his personality completely changes. This leaves me with deep sympathy for his human nature of getting jealous so easily. He treats Desdemona appalling and rules over without giving her an opportunity to prove herself Othellos behaviour is reprehensible and crashes to a new low when he strikes his w ife, calls her a whore and goes to the extreme of killing her. Here I shoot a small amount of sympathy as he is being tortured by Iago. At the end he realises what he has done and tries to redeem himself by doing the noble thing and killing himself as well.However I have no sympathy for him at this point he should have never let it come this far, he had the ability to stop it. In the opening act we straight see the racism towards Othello. Iago proclaims to Desdemonas father Brabantio even now, now, very now, an old black ram is tupping your white ewe. Brabantio is outraged by this proclamation and doesnt view his daughter would be capable of such betrayal. Iago adds Youll have your daughter covered with a Barbary horse youll have nephews neigh to you and the final comment that pushes Brabantio to go in search of Othello your daughter and the Moor are now making the beasts with two backs. I have great compassion for Othello as in the first act without yet meeting him, we are led t o believe that he is some animal that has put Desdemona under spells and medicines bought of mountebanks When Brabantio confronts Othello, his nobility shines through. Othello shows us that he is brave and calm. Othello doesnt run away, he stands up for himself and refuses to fight without good reason Keep up your bright swords, for the dew will rust them. Othello is definitely respectful and could almost be called a feminist.Instead ofspeaking on behalf of Desdemona he send(s) for the lady to the Sagittary, and let her speak of me before her father In Shakespearian prison terms was an unheard of thing to do yet it was incredibly noble and respectful. Othello continues to be a model character when he chooses to do the right thing over choosing what is easy. Othello was faced with the stopping point to fire his close friend Cassio. He values his reputation and if he was to over look Cassios mistake, Othellos professionalism would be questioned. Cassio, I love thee but never more be officer of mine. I have deep sympathy for him at this point as we, the audience, know that this is all part of Iagos sickening plan to ruin Othellos life. Othello is clueless as to what honest Iago has in store for him. It is not until the temptation scene until Othellos nobility immediately gives way. At this point, Iago has a heist on Othellos life. Othello has lost the ability to sleep his peace of mind is ruined along with his nobility and his confidence in his own opinions and beliefs. As I mentioned already, Othello used to treat Desdemona with the upmost of respect and dignity, however Othellos kind and gentle personality have been drastically altered.Othello no longer gives Desdemona the opportunity to defend herself. In fact she is so clueless and confused, she doesnt know why her loving husband has taken such a turn, she then blames his erratic behaviour on work stress saying something sure of state. hath puddled his ingest spirit Othello also calls Desdemona a whore wh en he asks Are you not a jadestone? I must admit I have a bit of sympathy for Othello here because he is not in his proper state of mind. However he strikes her in front of her friend and family I (Desdemona) never gave him cause She is in disbelief that her husband would be capable of such a thing. aft(prenominal) this I have absolutely no sympathy for him it is completely unacceptable to hit a woman, regardless of the circumstance. In the final scene Othello crashes to an all time low. Othello stands over his sleeping wife, preparing to kill her. Desdemona attempts to plead with Othello And have you mercy too I never did offend you in my life.She asserts her innocence, but Othello smothers her. Again, I have no compassion for this act whatsoever. Desdemona did not deserve to die a guiltless death. After realisin the truth, Othello is crushed Are there no stones in heaven but what serve for the thunder? Precious villain. Othello then makes a speech about how he would like to be r emembered, and begs for punishment, he pleads Wash me in steep-downgulfs of liquid fire He then does the somewhat noble thing and kills himself with a sword he had hidden Killing myself to die upon a kiss. It is clear to be seen that Othello is a noble character however Iago does everything he could possibly do to ruin Othellos marriage, career and ultimately his life, which conclusively deteriorated his nobility as the play developed. I feel that he did not regain my sympathy as I feel that he took the easy way out by killing himself. Even though he was severely manipulated by Iago, the way he dealt with the situation was too harsh and if he kept a take head and addressed the issue differently, so many lives could have been saved.

Relection in Nursing Essay

The purpose of this paper is to byline the issues of grammatical sex activity dissimilitude on society as a whole, these effects are prominent in different dissipates or fields of the society, such as in working places, homes, education sector and as much as we can think of. Could these inequalities be the reason why women are unlikely to get the same wages/salaries as men? Historically, the domination of men in policy make, leaderships, and more or less sectors of the society cause been steady. Thus, the resulting segregation of men and women is not exactly surprising. gender contrast is what causes segregation between men and women its also a juicyly contested segment in the area of sociology, even though thither is a milder occurrence of situations having to do with gender inequality now compared to early days. Its occurrence cannot be oer emphasized. Difference in culture, environment, and the social era at the present moment can affect how humans perceive gender inequ ality? And how it affects them negatively or positively? When we talk about gender inequality, most propagation our minds are driven towards the item that men are considered higher than women in all ramifications this is part of what brings about the inequality.Hence, this brings about patriarchy construct which refers to social conditions being thought of or structured in a way that favors men and boys over women and girls gender inequalities are not biological precisely socially constructed. Theoretical approach such as the feminist theory broadens our knowledge about gender inequality. virtuallywhat, Gender inequality has some relationship with homosexuality because its all about the perception, not just the sexuality in cases where a person with the male gender but happens to be gay, in some areas of the society he is somehow handle as that of a female even though he is originally of the male gender, just because he has a sexuality of the female and acts in such a manner a s of a muliebrity i.e. dress codes, gestures ,relationships wife separate people, the gay person is on that pointfore treated with almost the same rank of inequality as of a woman. Examples of such cases can be seen in schools for modeling a teenage boy in high school and has a gay sexuality is not exactly considered to be someone with a high reputation in the school settings, he could be often bullied or made to feel so less of himself, this could explain the reason why most men with gay sexuality prepare more conversant interactions with women than they do with men, thus, even if he is of a male gender just because he portrays acts of a woman in his sexuality he is often treated equally as a woman, but these are only in some sections of the society.Also, in religion there is a strong tie-in between religion and patriarchy or religion and gender as the case might be, the promontory Does God favor males? arises Christianity has it that women should always be submissive to men because a woman was made out of the ribs of a man meaning that she is under him. A man is the e image and glory of God but women is the glory of man.for man was not made from woman neither was man created for woman, but woman for man (1 Corinthians 1433-35) also in the Quran it is said that Men are in charge of woman hence good women are obedient (Quran). It is no debate that women are seldom leaders of priestess in churches or congregation, it has been a battle in the last 5o years and it is only in recent times that women are being ordained as pastors and some form of leader. An instance can be seen when dealing with content analysis which refers to as the studying of sets of pagan rules, artifacts or events by systematically counting them (to show which ones dominate) and interpret the themes they reflect feminist approaches to content analysis attempts to expose pervasive patriarchal (male -dominated) and misogynist (women-hating).Elaine Hall, in her article one week for women ? The structure of inclusion of gender issues in introductory textbooks (1988), she demonstrated how womens issues are treated as an afterthought in introductory-level texts, while Judith Dilorio, in a paper presented in the 1980, used content analysis to examine scholarity articles on gender role research and found out that their methods inwroughtized (made natural or normal seeming) social facts that diminished women and promoted male-oriented conservatism (as analyzed in Reinharz 1992147,361). Today, different categories of feminism and gender roles are being well-behaved to promote women. According to the introduction to sociology textbook Feminism liberalism acknowledges contributions of women in public realm of work place and examines whether women receive fair pay for the work they do. Kachuk explains identifies women as a class entitled to rights as women (kachuk 200381). Liberal feminism helps women to be able to receive benefits not available to early(a) women, basicall y it concentrates on making women equal to men in terms of employment opportunities and salary.Feminist essentialism is another gender theory which focuses of the thinking strategy foe men and women and argues for equity or female superiority in that difference, this involves social norms that are more or less natural to them, therefore the idea to this is the that morality is negatively valued in a patriarchal society, feminist essentialism speaks constructively about the potential for womens differences from men to be positively valued. Feminist socialist according to Kaxhuk, have rewrite their Marxism so as to account for gender, something Marx ignored, they want sexuality and gender relations included in the analyses of the society, and finally postmodernist feminism which takes the strongest social constructionist positions, it refers to women more as subjects than as objects of sociological study, allowimg perspective of the women studied to guide their research, this can be v iewed from the stand point theory.Gerda Lerner talked about patriarchal values, she defines it as simply the assumption that the fact of biological sex differences implies a God-given or at least a natural separation of human activities by sex, and further assumption that this leads to a natural dominance of male over female. This definition can be seen in many social categories such as the wage gap, pay equity, occupational segregation and many more. Feminists have also laid the impression that in a patriarchal society, men are treated as normal, while women are treated in what is considered as inherently deviant, example of such term could be viewed in the case of the witch hunts waged in Europe and later on, in compound America from about the fourteenth to the seventeenth centuries.Those who were identified as witches were tried and, if found guilty, executed. This for several reasons makes the witches an intriguing case for the sociological study of deviance Also, by means of s tructural functionalism effects of gender inequality can be viewed. Emile Durkheim (1858-1917) talked about how people are products of societies and environment, ones behavior is way beyond what they posses in characteristics or traits, and there are social facts that take control over an individual. In his book suicide (1897) one of the things that was mentioned were how suicide could be achieved due to ones weakness in connection to the society. This theory could be an explanation as to how women are most likely considered as the weak gender compared to men, due to the way are they are cut down by the society.In socialization, feminist organizations have come up with some Attaining gender balance among managers, editors, and reviewers This journal focuses on the gender pay gap in certain occupation, it was found that women being placed in lower pay-grade positions is responsible for the pay gap. Also brown talks about the perception that an academic passage in the scientific fie ld will not result in a permanent job for up to seven years after a bachelors degree. Many women consider this an obstacle to their plans to start a family, and are concerned that they will only just be getting a foot on the career ladder when they are considering having children. The irony is, research and editorial work is actually far more flexible than many other professions, meaning that women could more easily balance the demands of a family with those of their career.In the Article THE EFFECT OF sexual activity DISCRIMINATION WITHIN FAMILY OF ORIGIN ON THE PERCEPTION OF GENDER INEQUALITY, ATTITUDES TOWARDS GENDER ROLES AND THE TENDENCY TO DISCRIMINATE BASED ON GENDER. T he effect inequality in gender and gender discrimination was studied in this article, it was found that individuals who passed through some kind of ender discrimination in the society, family or origin would face some sort of injustice and would be emotionally warm as the grown up. According to this article A national representative sample of 1363 participants reported on their experiences of gender discrimination within their family of origin, their perception of gender inequality in Croatian society, attitudes towards gender roles, hostile sexism, their tendency to discriminate based on gender, and their willingness to engage in affirmative actions aimed to reduce gender inequality in Croatian society.Results show that 50% of women and one third of men were exposed to some form of unequal treatment in their family, both by their mothers and fathers. This shows that gender inequality goes a long way. Another article titled Culture and gender inequality Psychological consequences of perceiving gender inequality. It was said that different cultures and societies have different beliefs and reactions to how gender inequality should be justified. According to this article research investigated these differences and their psychological consequences using cross-cultural comparisons. The res ults show that Hong Kong Chinese women saw gender inequality as less unjust (Study 1) and less unfair (Study 2) and valued gender equality less (Study 2) than European American women did. Gender inequality caused anger (Study 1) and predicted trim down life satisfaction (Study 2) more among European American women than among Hong Kong Chinese womenIn conclusion, the precious rights of women have been denied and violated, which has causes more harm than good in their lives and society, as it goes from generations to generations there seems to be a trend in the causes and effects of gender inequality, these are such as discrimination, segregation. feminism and patriarchy they show up in some kind of way when dealing with gender inequality. Apparently there are psychological, emotional and physical effect built on victims of gender inequality. Such as torture, threats, bully and so much more.It is imperative to put both genders into consideration and understand the essentiality of bot h sexes roles power fame and money should be acquired and deserved, if the male gender proves to be deserving whatever role, they should acquire it, also, if the female gender proves to be deserving to a particular role or acquisition due to stiff work or some kind of technical skill, they should be given the opportunity to role. Just as the situation seems to get milder as times past, it could be assumed that in another century to come gender inequality might not be of a great sociological problem. Perhaps, there could be an increase in the number of women who are in the political sector or in the decision-making segmentsBIBLIOGRAPHYMar. 2012. . Evolution. California State University, Northridge. Web. 02 Mar. 2012.. Steckley, guy Kirby letts.2010.Elements of sociology. oxford oxford university press.Zoe Kinias, Heejung S. Kim, group processes & intergroup relations, Gender Inequality. condition Papers. Web. 04 Apr. 2012. .Shelley Correll. Stanford Sociology Professor, Director C layman Institute Gender Study. Web. 04 Apr. 2012. http//sociology.stanford.edu/people/shelleycorrell/shelleycorrell.html .Revija za socijalnu politiku 1330-2965 KAMENOV, ELJKA yr 2011 vol 18 iss 2 PG 195

Operation management Essay

a) IntroductionThe guild that our group chose to study is City of Dreams Macau ( fuel pod), which is located in Macau Cotai coherent high mode. chew up is a diversified entertainment resort, which contains a rich set of entertainment, grand hotel accommodation, international cuisine, internation all(prenominal)y renowned brands as well as casino. Luckily, we found a passenger vehicle in entertainment and amaze department of this community to help us conduct an interview. The information of this carriage are as followsManager name Hu dTelephone number 66884314 military strength Theatre DirectorMain responsibilities All ticketing and frontline day-to-day operation of Atrium, Dancing Water, Hard Rock pool party, The Junyue MMA boxing matches, CUBIC ticketing and TABOO. take ins corporate goal, as stated by Lawrence Ho, is to become the tourist resort that makes Asian and even the global tourists to have multi-day stay, and to consolidate Macau as Asias leading va endt and touri sm center. assume locate in one of the most competitive area in Taipa, Macau. There are several entertainment resort hotels, much(prenominal) as Venetian, Sands Cotai Central, Galaxy Macau these competitors. COD has to keep its competitiveness to fight with them. So COD provides with some entertainments (like the house of Dancing Water, Dragon treasure, etc.)to attract the customers to come to COD to achieve corporate goal. In rescript to reform stave quality, entertainment and progress department overly cooperate with HR department to tenderise facts of life program to staff. Staffs can go for prepare as long as they are available. In corporate positioning, COD believes that it takes the advantage of providing something different than other competitors by implementing the differentiation strategy, for example, offering Dancing Water, Atrium to customers.COD also has high requirement on theentertainment activities they offered. In the past, COD once thought of curtain rais ing a cinema. However, COD imagines cinema is not very high-end and it impart low the elegance of COD, so COD rejects the consideration at last.b) Current OperationsThe authorized operation is to provide above entertainments to customers and make sure that the entertainment activities go smoothly. The private instructor has to measure ticketing and frontline workings keep running. In the ticketing, the manager said COD provide 6070%s ticket for internet denounce, and the rest of the ticket will provide to the agent like travel agencies, these agencies will sell the tickets to the group customers.The manager said COD wont overbook the ticket to get the maximum profit, because their shows are unique, and they care more or so the quality kind of than the quantity. They have to take-care some special needs person, providing convenience to them. COD tries to get a balance in the midst of making profit and remaining service quality. take cancellation & CompensationCOD sometimes fa ce fusss of show cancellation of Dancing Water and receive complaints from customers. Also, there whitethorn have some mistakes on the daily operation, so the customers will not satiate the services and have complaint with COD. For the compensation part, COD build a compensation standard to deal with customer complains. The universal approach is to take the customer complaint at first place, for example, ticket refund.However, if the compensation exceeds the companys standard, thence COD will take companys benefit at the first place (e.g. some customers will ask for airplane tickets refund and it will be transferred to higher train manager to determine the compensation level). Also, CODs management group will have meeting every week to discuss complaint affairs and set about to analyze whether it is due to guests vexatious or they have some shortcomings. If they think that they are not doing well, then they will think of ways and make improvement. decentalisationInstead of ce ntralization, COD tends to have decentralization because they believe that this is more essenceive. COD depend on staffs to help monitorthe trading operations of entertainment activities, so manager do not need to deliberately spend efforts on ensuring the operation of activity is smooth and they can focus on the overall operations. Staffs can forthwith go to their supervisor when they encounter problems. Also, manager will assign some employees who are in higher position to help monitor the lower level employees performance, as well as daily operation of activity.Supervisors directly ask the higher level staffs about the problems on work(e.g. do small circle of multitude exist and is there any employee they find that is difficult to get along with others ) in order to get a respectively good understanding about whats going on of daily operation.Reward systemThere is no satisfy system implementing now for the staff performance. gibe to the interview, there was a reward system before, employee who performs well will get free coupons of restaurants in COD, concert tickets, shopping tickets, or dancing water tickets, etc. as a bonus. However, it was cancelled due to the inefficiency.In the past, company let employees to vote for the best employee, and it causes problem that employees will vote to their friends, instead of having an evaluation about who is the best employee. COD think that it cannot reflect the truth and is meaningless. Therefore, COD now cancel the reward system and use the money to hold department activities, e.g. BBQ or order move back for all employees in the department. TrainingCOD use decentralization to let employees help maintain the current operations. Employees have to handle problems met by them. Therefore, training is an heavy way to ensure staffs quality and performance. The manager said the COD do very well in staff training, COD provides many training runways to the staffs to improve their work quality and skills. In usual time, they will post a form that includes all the training courses available along with corresponding time schedule, staffs can dissolve which training course to participate in accordance with their working time.COD will try to accommodate staffs working time to provide training courses. If it is not possible to arrange the suitable time for the staffs, regular work should be taken in the first place. Staffs can join the training courseafter finishing the work. In most of the time, COD wont enforce the staffs to participate training courses, staffs participate these training course voluntary.But there are some training courses that are compulsory to every staff according to CODs requirement. For example, in the future, COD will open a new show in CUBIC, and COD will arrange each employee to watch the CUBIC show at least once. So the staffs will do it about the show and what is the process of the show.c) Opportunity of improvementDecentralizationAlthough it is a good idea to let al l employees help monitor the daily operations of activities, so manager can focus more on the overall operations, there also some drawbacks caused by decentralization. According to the current operations, employees report to manager directly if they find problems on daily operations. It raises possible problems like (1) The quality of work may be poor because there is no clear responsibleness assigned to specific employee.The monitoring work conducted by employees may not be efficient. If there are problems that employees failed to recognize, manager may not know, because employees reporting is the entirely way for manager to get detail daily operating information from employees, it affects the operation activity in the short run if the problem is not negligible.(2) No regular meeting is required for manager and employees to exchange information. Regular meeting is an important way for reporting, if there is no such a meeting, employees are not encouraged to raise problems they fo und. They may first try to solve the problem when they find it, instead of reporting to their manager. Therefore, some problems may be hided and it causes bigger problems if the problem is crucial to the organization. Moreover, employees may not have a very good understanding of the companys strategy and may make inappropriate decisions without amply understanding the big picture.Reward systemNo reward system is implemented in current operations due to the former unsuccessful reward system. Employees individual performance is not linked with reward. Employees may be less motivated. Show cancellationIn the interview, we asked the COD manager What the most difficult problem that you had faced. The COD manager answered us is the show cancellation, which is a big problem for an entertainment resort. We can find some news about COD canceled the show. According to the news, COD suddenly cancel three shows of the house of Dancing Water. There are a lot of audiences already booked the tick ets in a enceintely a(prenominal) days ago, they received center from COD about the show cancel after they arrived Macau.This thing disturbs their plan. COD claim they need to cancel the shows because of the technical problems, and they will return the ticket fees, but they wont compensate the other loss, so audiences feel angry and disappointed with COD. This thing will hurt the protrude and reputation of COD, it can decrease customers that want to come to COD to watch the show, and decrease the profit. d) SolutionDecentralization1) Manager should provide training to staffs in order to strengthen their awareness of responsibility. Manager may also provide some guideline to staffs about what they should do if they encounter problems. Moreover, instead of fully depending on staff reporting, manager may take time to supervise daily operation if needed.2) Hold regular meetings for information exchange. With regular meetings, employees will have formal way to express their opinions or problems they found, so problems can be improved or solved in a more efficient way. Reward systemAccording to the interview, the former reward system is based on the vote of employees among each other, and this would easily cause about inequity. We recommend that COD may develop a reward system for a trial using different suffrage method. Instead of basing on the vote among employees, the department should create a criterion map for all the employees to be monitored by the supervisor. Once the employee performs great in some area, she/he will get a point in that part.The final differentiate is the cumulative score of every part. At the end of one period, the entire criterion chart should present thedegree of performance of the employees, which could be the grounds to decide which employee to get the rewards. See whether employees performance have improved under implementing the new reward system by making evaluation from period to period. If the result is good, then company sho uld consider implementing a reward system in order to encourage employees for better performance in the long-run.This kind of solution will abstract some bias of the evaluation. Not basing on the evaluation among employees, monitored by supervisor will be more just to use the reward system.Show cancellationWe think out some suggestions for the COD to solve this problem. (1) Develop a contingency plans. The staffs of COD must make advance notice about the show cancellation message to the customers, and then arrange the customers to return the tickets, getting back the fees. This can mitigate the dissatisfaction of customers and reduce other unnecessary loss. However, sometimes we cannot expect accidents, which are some aspects we cannot control, and it is hard to tell the customers early.(2) Second, open the other facilities of the hotel. Customers come to COD to enjoy the service and entertainment, and if I was one of them, I dont want just go back home because of the cancellation of the shows I want to watch. So COD can open some facilities to these customers to ensure they excuse have an awesome experience in COD. For instance, Venetian has the In the other hand, COD can give these customers equivalent coupons, and they can spend some time in COD, and use these coupons to buy anything in the hotel.Of course, this method needs the cooperation among many involved departments. (3) And the last is to prepare a rilievo show. If a show has to be cancelled, customers can choose to watch the backup show. But not every customer wants to watch another show because they come for shows that they want to watch, and the cost of backup show is not cheap. Therefore, customers can also ask for refund and buy the ticket next time with a discount. e) ImplementationAfter communicating the suggestions we made for the manager, he said that implementing our solution to the company right now was not practical. Theirdecisions need to be made based on some professional analysis. H owever, he listened to our solution and gave his own comments about the effect of those solutions For the decentralization part, he thinks holding regular meetings is one of the possible way for staffs to raise problems they found, but managers always need to manage so many things and may not have enough time to do that. For the reward system part, we suggested that to build a new reward system using different voting method.However, according to the manager, biases also exist if using this method. However, there will be two potential problems 1 There is a grey area between just and unjust, and once the supervisor decides the reward, its complicated to say the manager will be definitely just to everyone. The bias might exist still 2 The supervisor has many things to deal with there might be some overlook in employees performance, which will be hard to monitor all the aspects.For the show cancellation part, sometimes advance announcement is not possible because of the suddenly occurre d error. In other way, COD should consider the cost problem if they want to satisfy customers by providing them equivalent coupons. The cost problem also exists in the back-up show suggestion.ConclusionAfter the interview, we can get some information about the operations of the entertainment fields in the COD. In the daily operations, it depends on the staffs to maintain the operations and solve the problems. COD also provides some training courses for staffs to participate, but these training courses are optional, which means not every staff has enough skills to handle the difficult level operation problems.One of the CODs selling points is its rattling(prenominal) shows, these shows attract a lot of people to come. But sometimes, because of some reasons, COD have to cancel the show, which means they need some good back up plans to appease the angry of customers, and try to decrease the loss. COD is a big entertainment resort hotel in Macau. From the interview, we can find out tha t COD real do a good job in its operation.

SM Jaleel Project

SM Jaleel & come with Ltd , affectionately known as SMJ, is one of the oldest and largest manu positionurers of nonalcoholic drinks in the English speaking Caribbean. Since their inception in 1924, their encompassing portfolios of beverages set out become household names across the Caribbean, and ar currently distributed to over 60 countries worldwide. Their crossways span a host of carbonated soft drinks, strange fruit juices, purified and flavoured water, energy drinks, and other fruit flavoured beverages. Every stage of fruit is owned by the esteemed SM Jaleel & Company Ltd.SMJ manufacture its own coddle (plastic) bottles, tetra packs (juice boxes), and the cans that their wide variety of proceedss atomic number 18 packaged in. As such, the company enjoys iconic status as the Caribbeans premier soft drink manufacturer with a reputation for quality, innovation and commercial intelligence. SMJ have been innovative leaders in manufacturing, having pioneered the use of dynam ic and advanced technology, systems, and processes in the soft drink industry. They have 25 years of experience in plastic blowing technology which has enabled SMJs wide array of PET bottles in diametrical shapes and sizes.Their blow molding facility is withal the largest in the Caribbean. SMJ was also the first in the world, in conjunction with Reynolds Metal Company, to fill fruit juices in aluminum cans. This was done using Nitrogen technology in the 1980s, and eliminated the need for artificial preservatives in the harvest-feast. To find consistency in providing high quality returns at affordable prices, they have established and facilitated a orbiculate network of mutually beneficial partnerships with customers and suppliers.In accordance with SMJs dedication to quality and consistency, new products have actively been introduced to the market over the past two decades, via current research and development efforts. Presently, SMJs products atomic number 18 found in over half a million wholesale and retail stores, including Walmart and other renowned global retailers. Millions consume these products yearly because of this extensive reach. SMJ mission reads as follows To al looks stay one step ahead, constantly responding to an essential human need through proclivity quenching, quality beverages and premium water.To create products of the highest standards that are priced affordably and distributed efficiently, providing greater accessibility to our consumers. To inspire and motivate our workforce to achieve excellence as a team dapple promoting their inner sense of self and purpose as individuals. To keep our target market top of mind, as we continue our commitment to improve and enrich the lives of our consumers. In my opinion SMJ has lived up to their mission statement. They are right-hand(a) on point with each goal their organization placed.To further illustrate this heres a look at their vision statement To strive towards being leaders in t he non-alcoholic market, making our people the cornerstone of our success, as we work together in a globally-focused, dynamic environment based on trust and sound values, providing all-encompassing beverage solutions that meet the ever changing, evolving needs of our customers. SMJ has with proscribed a shadow of a doubt been leaders in the nonalcoholic beverage industry for the past two decades. They have gone beyond the call of duty in the industry.They are pioneers to the Caribbean and even the worlds market in the non-alcoholic industry. This marketing giant in the Caribbean formally known as SMJ has mastered the art of marketing and has captured legion(predicate) segments of the non-alcoholic market. They have accomplished this by marketing their products well. Positioning the product is very important. Marketing is slightly how your firm positions itself to satisfy your markets needs. There are four critical elements in marketing your products and business.They are the four Ps of marketing. 1. Product The right product to satisfy the needs of your target customer. 2. value The right product offered at the right price. 3. Place The right product at the right price available in the right place to be bought by customers. 4. Promotion informing potential customers of the availability of the product, its price and its place. Each of the four Ps is a variable that should be controled in creating the marketing mix that give attract customers to the business.Marketing mix should be close tothing paid careful aid to because the success of the business depends on it. As a business manager, find out how to use these variables to achieve profit potential is important. This good example study introduces the four Ps of marketing and includes worksheets that willing help you determine the close good marketing mix for the business. In this case study we would have observed that SMJ use positioning, marketing mix and the four Ps to bring about success to SMJ. Product refers to the goods and services that are being offered to the customers.Apart from the physical product itself, there are elements associated with the product that customers may be attracted to, such as the way it is packaged. In terms of packaging SMJ has won over the hearts of many children with its unique patented PET bottle which was designed for the famous drink Chubby. different SMJ product attributes include quality, options and brand name. SMJ products appearance, function, and support make up what the customer is actually vitiateing.Successful managers such as Dr. Aleem Mohammed, Chairman S. M. Jaleel & Co. Ltd.pay close attention to the needs their product bundles address for customers. The products available for sale by SMJ are Carbonated Soft Drinks, Water, Juices FRUTA and Energy Drinks. In the Carbonated Soft Drinks there are a wide array of flavors available. The flavors include Action Apple, Bubble Gum, Bubbly Cream Soda, Megastar Mango, Merenguito, Purpl e Power, Rock N Rolla Cola, dockage Soda, Tutti Frutti, Kola Champagne, Blueberry Blast, Fresa Strawberry, Go Bananas, Martian Magic, Green Crush, Orango Tango, Pineapple Sunshine, Poppin Pear. These are the flavors which have been made available in the Caribbean.In Latin America some additional flavors are available with some being omitted, they include Fresa Strawberry, Martian Magic Green Crush, Cream Scream Soda, Fruit Punch Soda, Cola Soda, Blueberry Blast, Bubbly, Cream Soda, Go Bananas, Megastar Mango, Merenguito, Orango Tango, Pineapple Sunshine, Poppin Pear, Sorrel Soda, Action Apple, Bubble Gum, Kola Champagne. This shows that SMJ practices what is called market segmentation. They strategically position there products to meet their target audience, by bundling different flavors and in some instances identical flavor but different names.Product bundle should meet the needs of a particular target market. For example, a luxury product should create just the right image for customers who have everything, while many basic products must be positioned for the price conscious consumers. This is demonstrated in my opinion by the availability of FRUTA and Caribbean undisturbed. Caribbean Cool is the economical re fruit drinks while FRUTA is the luxurious premium brand. For other important aspects of product may include an appropriate product range, design, warranties, or a brand name.Customer research was a keyelement in building an effective marketing mix. Knowledge of the target market and SMJs competitors allowed them to offer product that will appeal to customers and avoid costly mistakes. Some of SMJs target audience includes, Eastern Caribbean, Caribbean, Latin America and Europe. SMJ has launched a fairly new 25% less sugar carbonated drink which is only available to the Eastern Caribbean, suggesting still in the experimental stages. Proper SWOT analysis should be carried out on launching a new product. SMJ has always think long term about their vent ure by planning.This is evident by SMJs longevity in the Caribbean, there massive expansion projects and their successful handing over from one generation to the other. SMJ was able to take advantage of opportunities to add value through processing, packaging, and customers. star of their first major successes with packaging was the creation of the PET plastic bottle patented and sold with the name Chubby. It is an ideal size not to plumping attractive to its target audience, mainly children and not to little not too much. Perfect for a childs lunch kit. SMJ growth occurred in different geographic regions.SMJ diversified its product, offering a whole range of nonalcoholic products. The success of this diversification was partly because of SSMJs successful acquiring of raw materials, production processes, and distribution which were all done by SMJ, which meant there was no need to acquire new suppliers, skills and equipment, and distribution methods Price refers to how much is ch arged for a product or service. Determining SMJs products price was tricky and even frightening. Many small business owners feel they must absolutely have the lowest price around. This isnt always true and depends on your determine strategy.SMJ price approach reflects a good image which positions their product well. Example FRUTA isnt the cheapest fruit drink in the market, yet it is the preferred fruit drink by many customers. The price resulted from their pricing strategy covers the cost per item and includes a profit margin. Lower pricing would make it impossible to grow. As a manager, of SMJ one of the following alternatives pricing strategies may have been used. Selection of a pricing strategy by SMJ was based on the product, customer demand, the competitive environment, and the other products which are offered.Cost-plus Adds a standard percentage of profit above the cost of producing a product. Accurately assessing fixed and variable costs is an important part of this pricing method. Value-based Based on the emptors perception of value (rather than on your costs). The acquireers perception depends on all aspects of the product, including non-price factors such as quality, healthfulness, and prestige. Competitive Based on prices charged by competing firms for competing products. This pricing structure is relatively unsophisticated to follow because you maintain your price relative to your competitors prices.In some cases, you can directly observe your competitors prices and respond to any price changes. In other cases, customers will recognise vendors based on bids submitted simultaneously. In those cases, gathering information will be more difficult. Going-rate A price charged that is the common or going-rate in the marketplace. Going-rate pricing is common in markets where most firms have little or no control over the market price. Skimming Involves the introduction of a product at a high price for affluent consumers. Later, the price is decreased as the market becomes saturated. Discount Based on a reduction in the publicize price.A coupon is an example of a discounted price. Loss-leader Based on selling at a price lower than the cost of production to attract customers to the store to buy other products. Psychological Based on a price that looks better, for example, $4. 99 per pound instead of $5. 00 per pound. After you decide on your pricing strategy, the amount of money you will actually receive may be complicated by other pricing aspects that will decrease (or increase) the actual amount of money you receive. You will also have to decide how to determine Payment period Length of time before payment is received.Allowance Price reductions given when a retailer agrees to strive some promotional activity for you, such as maintaining an in-store display. Seasonal allowances Reductions given when an order is placed during seasons that typically have low sales volumes to entice customers to buy during slow times. Bundling of products/services Offering an array of products together. Trade discounts (also called functional discounts) Payments to distribution channel members for performing some function such as memory and shelf stocking. Price flexibility Ability of salesperson or reseller to modify price.Price differences among target customer groups determine variance among target markets. Price differences among geographic areasPricing variance among geographic regions. Volume discounts and wholesale pricingPrice reductions given for large purchases. Cash and early payment discounts Policies to speed payment and thereby leave behind liquidity. Credit terms Policies that allow customers to pay for products at a later date. The methods discussed here should be a base from which to construct your price. The options will vary depending on how the product is sold.Since SMJ doesnt sell directly to the customer they will need to ensure a proper margin is set by the retailer to ensure the success of their pro ducts. Tracing the path of SMJs product from production to final purchase is a useful exercise to discover this information. The research needed to perceive the pricing along the distribution path will be more than worth the time it takes. SMJs price ultimately covers costs, contributes to product image by communicating the perceived value of the products, counter the competitions offer, and avoid deadly price wars.Remember, price is the one P that generates revenue, while the other collar Ps incur costs. Effective pricing was important to the success of SMJ. Place refers to the distribution channels used to get the product to your customers. What the product is will greatly influence how you distribute it. As a producer, SMJ decided if suming direct is appropriate for their product, whether it be sales through retail, door to-door, mail order, e-commerce, on-site, or some other method they made the wise decision and choose not to.However an advantage of direct sales would be the contact you gain by meeting customers face to face. With this contact you can easily detect market changes that occur and adapt to them. You also have complete control over your product range, how it is sold, and at what price. As a result SMJ has to do extensive market research frequently to keep abreast of the market changes. Reseller Sales (Sales Through an Intermediary) or else of selling directly to the consumer, SMJ decide to sell through an intermediary such as wholesalers and retailer who will resell SMJs product and distribute them.This has provided SMJ with a wider distribution than selling direct while decreasing the pressure of managing its own distribution system, additionally, reduction in storage space necessary for inventory. One of the most important reasons for selling through an intermediary is access to customers. Wholesalers want a steady year-round supply of product to distribute. SMJ has a steady year-round supply that is of consistent quality. Market Covera ge by SMJ has moved from local and regional in the early nineties to international in the late nineties, through resellers. Intensive, selective, or exclusive coveragePromotion refers to the advertising and selling part of marketing. It is how businesses let people know what theyve got for sale. The purpose of promotion is to get people to understand what product is, what they can use it for, and why they should want it. SMJ effective, promotional efforts contain a clear message targeted to a specific audience reached via the appropriate channel. In the case of chubby parents and children is the target audience. Their message is consistent with the overall marketing image, get their target audiences attention, and elicit the response desired.Promotion involve advertising, public relations, personalized selling, and sales promotions. Advertising methods to promote SMJs product include the following. Radio Radio advertisements inexpensive ways to inform potential local customers tim ing of ad is important. Television Television allows access to regional and national audiences, but is more expensive than other options. Print Direct mail and printed materials, including newspapers, consumer and trade magazines, flyers, and a logo, fact sheets, contests, coupons, and brochures directly to new or old customers on local, regional, or national levels.Currently there are chubby promotions in St Vincent and St Lucia back to School with chubby. Electronic Company Web sites provide useful information to interested consumers and clients. Word of Mouth Word of mouth depends on satisfied customers which SMJ has had a great track record. cosmos relations carried out by SMJ ensure that SMJs good price effective environmentally friendly Caribbean image is maintained.